Forging machine



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WIIINIIIIIIIIIIL I 'A11-ms,

1927. March 22 A. zlDovEc FORQING MACHINE Filed Jan. 5. 1922 ATTKS March 22 1927.

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Pomme MACHINE Filed Jan. 5, 1922 4-Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENT A. Z/DVE'L" l .sy

' 1927. 1,622,169 March 22 A. zlDovEc FORGING MACHINE Filed Jan. 3, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Arf-W5,

Patented Mar. 22, 1927.y

UNITED STATES AUGUST Z'IDOV'EG, OF SAN`RAFA-EL, CALIFORNIA.

FORGING MACEINE.

Appli-cation led January 3, 1922.

rlfhe gpresent invention ,relates to .improvements in forging machines and the primary `ohject is to provide a machine `of this character which Will eliminate the necessity of .drop forging and hand forging and yprovide for fbetter forging vof various articles in a more expeditious .and reliable manner than Vis possible .under 4drop and hand forging methods, the .articles .forged with the machine -o-f `fthe invention .being of a more uniform nish.

` Ano-ther object `-of ythe .invention is to provide a forging :machine of the character described which will be compact, smaller than drop or hand forging machines and prove particularly useful in for-ging vsinaill articles, tsuch as needles7 in pointing the ends, .tines Vof Various instruments, pointing darts, tapering pinsfor machines r`and .the flattening and spreading of small articles iof Various kinds, it being possible to eecta greater number of forgings with .the machine of the invention than with hand lor drop forging machines as heretofore used.

The invention Ipossesses other adyani'z-ages and features some of which, with .the foregoing will yhe .set forth at length inthe following description Where I shall outline Ain full that form ofthe Ainvention `Which I have selected for illnstration in the drawings accompanying and forming va part .of the present specification. In said vdraw-ings have shown one form Yof the construction of -my invention, but it is to he understood that I .do not limit myself 'to such form since the invention as expressed .in lthe claims may loe embodied in a plurality of forms.

Referring yto the drawings:

Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of tho :forging machine, parts :being shown in sec tion. i

Fig. 2 reperesents an'end -view of the ma-k chine show-ing part fthereof broken away and in sec-tion.k

Fig. I3 represents machine. i

F 4 represents a top :plan View of lone ofthe parts of the machine on which a die is supported.

lFig. 5 represents an end View of a re-` oiprocal die cari-ier.

Fig. 6 represents `a sectional View of a Work fliolder.

Fig. represents a top plan View of .said holder. l

a ltop plan View of :the

Serial No. 526,642.

Fig. .f8 is -`a sectional -View .Ita-ken 'on the plane 8-J8 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 9 ris a bottom plan View of one of the dies. y Fig. Y10 is a side elevation -of one of the dies.

Figs. 11 and 12 represent opposite end views of ithe dies.

Fig. 13 represents a .fnont elevation 'of aa modifi-ed form of the machine.

. Fig. 14 represents .an end elevation :of a modified form.

Fig. y15 represents .a top plan View of wyorlz holder and die `carrier for fone :of the ries.

Fig. 16 represents a sectional -view thnu -the other ofthe .di'es. i

Fig. 17 is a sectional View at rightiangles Eto the .one at 1-6 y.of said last named die.

Fig. 18 is a front elevation of Ianother modified form of machine.

Fi-g. 1.9 is an end elevation lof ya 'form shown in Fig. 18.

Fig. v20 represents a top plan View of vthe .bottom die and Work holder.

Fig. 21 represents a top {pla-n View of one of the trimming dies.

Fig. 22 is aside elevation Iof 4the carrier for tli-e moving die.

Fig. 23 is an `end vi-eWvof lthe Vmoving die.

Fig. 24 is a top pla-n `Vievi7 of said moyi-ng-die.

F ig. 25 is a vertical sectional View showing the dies Aas .they would appear when cooperating to form a 4point upon :a needle or like dev-ice. f

Fig. 26 is a sectional View taken on line 9.626 of Fig. 9.

F 2?? is an end View of `the .dies lemployed in the machine `shown in Fig. 13, showing the Work in position between the dies and in ycross sect-ion.

28 is a fragmentary plan 'View olf a member lor article aft-er having been iiioin't-ed in the Vmachine shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Figs. 29 and 30 represent fragmentary elevations taken at right angles to one another and showing fthe articles as when flattened in the machines 4shown in Figs. 13 and 14.

F ig. 31 is a cross sectional View of yone of the flattened articles shown in Figs. 29 and $30.

Figs. 32, respectively 34 yare nplan an'diend 'Views .finished article after ham-ng been forged in the machine shown in Figs. 18 and 19.

Referring` to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 12 inclusive, the machine is adapted for drawing points on various objects and comprises a base 1, upon which a die carrier 2 is reciprocally mounted. A guide strip 3 is bolted as at 4 to the base 1 and has a flange 5 which engages in a recess 6 in the carrier so as to slidably retain the carrier upon the base. The carrier 2 is provided with a die receiving recess 7 in which an elongated point drawing die 8 is received. Extending along the side of the recess 7 is a recess 9 in which a rack bar 10 is counter-sunk, said rack bar being held .in place by a set screw 1l and having its working face disposed below the upper side of the die.

A work holder 11 supported upon the guide 3 and comprises a sleeve-like body 12 having flanges 13 secured by fastenings 14 to the guide 3. Rotatably mounted within the body 12 is a work holding member 15 having an. enlarged annular head 16 `and provided with a wrok receiving bore 17 eX- tending therethru. T he bore 17 is off center or eccentrically arranged and adapted to receive a pin, needle or strip of wire as shown at 18, which needle, pin or wire is adapted to be pointed as at 19, (Fig. 25). A set screw 2O in the body 12 provides for holding the eccentric member in position with the work or pin either arranged to engage or be free of the dies. By turning the member 15 the end of the work to be pointed is moved towards or away from the dies as will be later more fully described.

Extendingl upwardly from the base 1 are a plurality of standards or bearingmembers 22 which are joined at their upper ends by a horizontal piecel 23 `and are provided with enlarged bearing portions 24. .A reciprocal shaft is mounted in the bearing portions 24 and is provided with means 26 capable'of attachment to either end thereof `which means will permit of the coupling' or connection of said shaft with a bull-dozing machine, not shown, whereby the shaft may be reciprocated. Fixed to and depending from the shaft 25 are supporting members 27 and 23 for the upper die carrier 29, said members at their lower ends being secured by fastenings` to end portions of said die carrier. The supporting members 27 and 28 are provided with central openings 31 thru which the shaft 25 extends and are held in place upon said shaft by set screws 32. The lower ends of the supportingr members are recessed as at 33 for reception of the ca rier 29. rllhe carrier 29 is provided with a die receiving recess 34 in which a die is held in any suitable manner, but so that it will cooperate with the lower die 8, Attached by fastenings 36 to onesideof the carrier 29 is a rack bar 37 adapted to cooperate with the rack bar 10 thru a pinion 3S supported upon a pin 39 mounted in a bearingl 40 carried upon the guide strip 3. Thus itwill be seen that when the upper carrier is reciproca-ted the lower carrier 2 is reciprocated in the opposite direction by means of the rack bars 3 and 37 and pinion 38.

Extending forwardly from a vertical wall 41 which lioins the members 22 `and extends along the backof the machine, is a bearing member 42 having an opening 43 therein thru which the shaft 25 reciprocates. The upper side ot' thev member 42 and upper edge of the wall 41 support bearings 44 for pin 45 upon which latter a pinion 46 is lined. The pinion is adapted to mesh with the teeth oi' a rack bar 47 secured at its ends to the upper side of the bearing` 42 between the upright bearings 44. The pin 45 extends rearwardly from the bearing 44 and has its rear end journaledin a bearingr 4f) extendingY upwardly from the base 1Q A. pinion is rotatably mounted upon said extended portion of the pin. A vertically reciprocal member 51 in the form of a plate, having a vertical slot 52 'extendingV from one end thereof, receives `in its slot said pinion 50. 53 forming a rack bar on one edge of the slot. The upper end of the member 51 has openings 54 therein to provide for connection of said member with the punching head of a forging press, not shown, whereby the reciprocal motion of the press may be impartedto said member and the pinion 50 will rotate so that such rotary movement will be imparted thru the shaft 45 to the pinion 46, which latter. operates the rack bar 47. Thus it will be seen, that if desired7 the machine. instead of being operated by connecting one end of the shaft 25 with the bull-dozing machine, may have the punch# ing head of a forging press connected with the member 51 and thru the means above described, reciprocate the carriers for the dies.

To provide for manipulating or reciprocating the carriers in order that the fitting, removing or adjusting of thedieu :ind other parts of the machine also the insertion of the work in proper position for cooperation of the dies may be efli'ected, there 4is provided a hand operated means minsisting;` of a lever 55 pivoted at one end as at 5G to one of the members 22. A link 57 pivoted at its ends to the lever 55 and the upper end of the supporting member 23. Thus upon rocking of the lever 56 the die carriers may be moved back and forth to the desired extent for the purposes above mentioned.

In the operation of the vmachine it will be apparent that the die carriers 2 and 29 will be reciprocated in opposite directions regardless of whether the bulhdozing ma- Said pinion meshes with teeth chine er die pdncning need ef die fer-ging prese is empleyed as die prime meier. This employment of one of the two prime' movers is optional and depends upon vthe circum- 'stnces linde-r iv'hi'c'h the machine is heed. rThe pin, wire, or other member, which will be he-reinfter referred to as the work, 'is inserted in the bore 17 of the member `so that vone end of the work will project between tliedies 8 and A35. Bynturningy the member 15 the end of the work may be moved eccentrically with 'relation to the dies and in this ii'ianner 'disposed in proper position to he forged. The dies are provided with opposit'ely inclined faces 5S which cooperate to provide a V or wedge shaped opening between the dies, which opening eK-tendsfor approximately the full length of the dies. The faces 58 are also inclined from the hori- Z'ontl, Fig". 10,- so that they converge towards ends of the dies Iand as the dies are reetpre'cated in opposite directions it will be apparent that the end ctt-he' work lying between 'them will be quickly forged or' drawn' to a conical point. It will be apparent from the foregoii'rg description and accompanying illustration, I may quickly and reliably forge points upon various articles by inserting them in the work holder and adjusting 'the holder to properly present the end of the work 'for forging. Vith the mechanism of this invention it is possible to draw finished and uniform points upon a greater number of various small articles than can be done by hand or drop forging, thus effecting a saving of material, time and labor and obtaining at the same time better 'and more uniform work.

Referring to the modified form of the machine as shown in Figs. 13 to 17 inclusive, the machine is of the same construction as the one' previously described with the eXception of the die holders and dies, which latter I are arranged and constructed 'so as to provide for iattening or drawing flat sides upon 'cylindrical or other shaped articles, the operation being a lengthwise flattening. In

this modified form of the invention a lower die carrier clamp 62 holds the lower die carrier 63 upon the base 60. A recess or groove 64 formed in the upper side of the carrier receives the lower die 65, said die beingr in the form of a hat strip of die material provided with a longitudinal straight groove 66 extending' from end to end thereof. The groove or recess 64 terminates short of opposite ends of the carrier and those portions ot' the carrier defining the ends of the Igrooves are provided with upwardly opening work holding;r grooves 67 and 68, which latter are in the 'same plane' as' and in line with the grooveGG.' The work, not shown, is adapted to be laid in the grooves 67 and 68 so that it will lie in the die groove 66.y The groove 68 'is covered by plate 69 secured upon the upper side f the carrier by fastenings 70 so that the norkwll held against accidental reinevel from said groove; To hold the work in the groove '67 ythere is provided a helder bleek 71 pivoted as at 72 upon one side et the .groeve 67. The block ls :provided with ahandle 7 tending outwardly from one side -of said 'the 'sh-it 64 so as to engage opposite ends of 'th'e d1e.

To provide for operation of the upper `die the carrier 63 has rigidly iiXed thereto, a rac-k bar 75, which rack br meshes with a pinion 76 keyed upon the pin or shaft 77 within the upper die carrier 78. The carrier 78 is iiXedrto a reciproeating` shfaft 79, which latter is journaled in bearing members 80, 81 'and 82 carried upon the frame 83 supported by the base 1. The shaft may be coupled at either end thereof with a bull'- dozing machine` not shown, by means 79 whereby said shaft may be reciprocated. The shaft may also be reciprocated by means of the pinion and rack 4bar Varrangement generally designated 84, which arrangement corresponds to that of the form of invention first ldescribed and is 'adapted for connection with the punching head of a forging press, n'ot shown.

' The carrier 78 is provided lwith a slot 85 receiving a roller die 86, which latter i-s keyed to the shaft 77. The roller die 86 is formed with a peripherial die groove 87 adapted to i' portion 88 provides for the insertion of a wire or other material to be forged,L in proper position between the dies.

A guide member -90 is pivot-ally supported upon an eccentric pin 91 carried in a bracket 92 rigidly secured to the member 7 8. The eccentric pin provides for vertical adjustment of the guide. Set screws 94 are carried by the bracket and lare adapted to engage the upper end of the guide to hold the guide Vin adjusted position. An additional set screw -95 is carried by t-he guide and adapted to bear upon the pin 91. The guido extends downwardly vertically from the bracket and then angularly and inwardly so that its lower end is Idisposed over the die 65, said lower end having a recess 96l therein of approximately the same size as the die groove G6 and adapted to lie over the die groove. The groove 96 receives the wire or material to be flattened at a point to one side feo of the die roller and serves to hold the work straight and within the die groove 66.

In the operation of this form of the invention, when the shaft 79 is reciprocated thru the means 84 or the means not shown, for connection with a bull dozing machine, the member 78 will be carried back and forth with the shaft and cause the pinion "76 to rotate, due to its engagement withthe rack bar 7 5. rl`his rotation of the pinion 76 `and the shaft 77 upon which it is keyed, causes the die roller 86 to rotate over the lower die 65 holding the wire or work. As thedie roller rotates over the diey roller 65, the grooves 87 and. 66 in said dies will aline and receive the wire or other material to he forged, in such manner that the wire or other material will be iiattened, as shown in Figs. 29 to 31 inclusive. As the die roller moves back and forth the flattening of the wire or other' material will be readily effected, the width of the grooves `66 and 87 limitingthe fiattening operation. The guide 90 moving with the npper` die to one side thereof and receiving the wire or other material in its groove 96, will prevent the wire from buckling and being lifted out of the groove 66 and die 65 and thereby prevent the bending or distorting of the wire during forging operationl Referring to the modified form of the invention shown in Figs. 18 to 24 inclusive, the mechanism is vfor the most part the same as in the other forms of the as in the other forms of the invention save that the dies and cooperating parts are constructed and arranged to provide for spreading the various `articles and material. and for trimming the articles thus spread.

The machine comprises a base having upstanding bea-ring members 101 at the end, a back wall 102, a central bearing member 103 extending forwardly from the back wall, a shaft reeiprocally mounted in said bearings and two carriers 105 and 106 rigidly mounted upon and depending from the shaft 104. The shaft is adapted to be connected at either end thru the means employed in the other form of the invention and not here Shown, with a bull dozing machine, also not shown. The shaft may also be reciproeated thru means 107 for connecting the device with the punching head of a forging press, not shown. In addition to these elements the machine has the hand operating means generally designated 108 to provide for movement of the carriers as desired, fo-r adjusting and setting the dies and work. i

The member 105 s provided with a central opening 109 thru whiclrthe shaft extends and said member is held rigidly upon the shaft by means of a set screw 110. The lower end of the member 105 is recessed as at 111 to receive the upper spreading die 112, which die is in the form of a roller and is provided in its periphery with a groove or recess 113 of the shape of the spread work. The die is keyed upon the shaft lltsupported in the member 105 and rotated by the pinion 115 keyed thereto. The roller die 112 has abeari,

ing engagement against the `wall of a socket formed in the lower end of themember 105 so as to provide strength and rigidity. rIhe pinion 115 meshes with pinion 116 journaled upon the side ofthemember 105 and meshingf ing a formino' 0roove or recess 123 in its i t upper face, which groove or recess is in the shape of the finished work, in this particular instance. that ofga sack needle. The dies are arranged so that when `disposed one above the other they may be adjusted so that the grooves 113 and 123 will aline with one another. Tlie work, that is the article .to be forged, may be maintained in the groove 123 due to the greater depth of the groove, in the Y narrow part thereof. .The widened part of the groove 123 is a goed deal smaller than the shank or narrow part of the groove so that when the widened part of the groove 123 alines with the groove 113, the cavity formed by the two grooves is of less diameter vertically than the diameter of the Wire or other material to be forged. 1

Assuming that the sack needle is to` be finished in this modified form of themachine, the needle after havingbeen pointed in the first described form of theinaehine and liattened lengthwise at the point in the second described `form of the machine, is placed with the pointed and lengthwise fiattened end in the groove 123` of the die 118. The machine is then connected thru the means 107 or with the punching head of the forging press, or thru the Vshaft directly with the bull dozing7 machine so that in either case the shaft 104 will be reciprocated. As the shaft 104 reciprocates, the member 105 uthereon carrying a Yroller die 112 is moved back and forth over the die118 so that said-roller die 112 in so moving will forgeor .flatten and spread the portion of the 'needle within the groove 123. Asthe member 105 reciprocates the pinion 116 is rotated thru this arrangement with the rack bar 16 and this rotary movement is imparted to the die112 thru the `pinion 115 and shaft 11/1 thereby directly rotating Athe roller die. The article being treated is forged in accordance with the shape of the groove 123.

lVhen the roller die 112 moves to a position immediately over the finishing die 118, the

grooves 123 and 113 will register or aline with one another and a spreading operation will be effected only at such time when such alinement of the grooves takes place. As the member 105 advances over the die 118 one side will lie over the groove 123 so as to prevent the wire or other material in said groove from being bent or disrupted while in the groove.

In the form of the machine herein described I provide a trimming or finishing device which consists of a lower die 124 mounted upon a support 125 fixed to the base 100. The die 124 is the exact shape and size that the finished articleis to have. The upper die 126 is vertically reciprocally supported in a frame 127, upon the lower end of the carrier 128. 'Ihe dies 124 and 126 are so arranged that when moved into cooperating position will trim the work forged between the dies 118 and 112 to bring the Work to the exact shape and size desired. The die carrier 128 has a pin 129 extended transversely therethru so that the pin projects from opposite sides thereof thru slots 130 formed in the frame 127. yIhe pin 129 is provided upon one end with a roller 131 engaging in an inclined groove 132 formed in a bracket 133 rigidly secured as at 134 to the member 106. As the member 106 is moved back and forth upon reciprocation of the shaft 104, the bracket 132 is likewise moved so that the roller travelling in the inclined groove Will cause the carrier to reciprocate vertically- This will cause the die 126 to move into and out of cooperating relation to the die 124 and trimming of the finished Work may be thus effected With this mechanism. Thus it Will be seen that the machine shown in Figs. 18 and 19 is a double acting one, wherein the one. machine serves as a forging and trimming device.

I claim:

1. A forging machine comprising a frame, a shaft reciprocally mounted within the frame, a die carrier mounted upon the frame,

a die supported by said carrier, another die carrier arranged to reciprocate with said shaft, adie in the scond named carrier arranged to cooperate with said first named die, a shaft revolvable upon the frame, a pinion fixed to the shaft, a rack member cooperating with a pinion and adapted for connection with the punching head of a forging press, another pinion fixed to the second named shaft and a rack bar with which the second pinion meshes, which bar is fixedly connected with said reciprocal shaft.

2. A forging machine comprising a frame, a shaft reciprocally mounted within the frame, a die carrier mounted upon the frame, a die supported by said carrier, another die carrier arranged to reciprocate with said shaft, a die in the second named carrier arranged to cooperate with said first named die, a shaft revolvable upon the frame, a pinion fixed to the shaft, a rack member cooperating with a pinion and adapted for connection with the punching head of al forging press, another pinion fixed to the second named shaft, a rack bar with which the second pinion meshes, which bar is fixedly connected with said reciprocal shaft and means providing for connection of an end of the reciprocal shaft with a prime mover.

3. A forging machine comprising a frame, an eccentrically mounted work holder adapted to receive work to be pointed mounted on said frame, a shaft reciprocally mounted within the frame, a die carrier supported by the shaft, another die carrier mounted on the frame, dies supported in said respective carriers in position whereby work supported in the work holder may be disposed to engage-the dies, said dies having oppo` sitely inclined faces which form a V-shaped opening between the dies, said inclined faces also being inclined from the horizontal so that they converge towards certain ends of the dies for the purpose of drawing the end of the work to a point.

AUGUST ZIDOVEC. 

